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Trong giao dich Forex, “drawdown” la thuat ngu duoc nhac den rat nhieu khi noi ve rui ro va quan ly von. Hieu ro drawdown la gi, cach tinh va cach kiem soat se giup nha dau tu giu vung tam ly, toi uu hieu qua giao dich va tranh “chay tai khoan”. Trong bai viet nay, Mbroker se chia se chi tiet ve drawdown, dong thoi huong dan cach han che ton that hieu qua nhat. Truoc tien, hay cung tim hieu khai niem co ban cua thuat ngu nay.
Drawdown la gi trong giao dich Forex
Drawdown (tam dich: muc sut giam von) la ty le phan tram cho biet muc giam tai khoan tu dinh von cao nhat xuong day thap nhat trong mot chu ky giao dich nhat dinh. Noi cach khac, drawdown phan anh muc thua lo tam thoi ma nha dau tu phai chiu truoc khi tai khoan phuc hoi tro lai.
Vi du, neu ban co 10.000 USD va tai khoan giam xuong con 9.000 USD, drawdown cua ban la 10%. Con so nay cho thay muc do rui ro ban dang doi mat va kha nang chiu lo cua chien luoc giao dich.
Viec hieu ro drawdown khong chi giup ban quan ly tam ly tot hon ma con la buoc dau tien de thiet lap ke hoach giao dich ben vung. Tiep theo, chung ta cung tim hieu cac loai drawdown pho bien ma trader thuong gap phai.
Cac loai Drawdown pho bien trong Forex
Trong thi truong Forex, drawdown co the duoc phan loai thanh ba dang chinh, moi loai mang y nghia khac nhau trong viec danh gia hieu suat giao dich:
Absolute Drawdown – Muc sut giam tuyet doi
Day la muc chenh lech giua so von ban dau va gia tri thap nhat ma tai khoan tung dat duoc. Absolute drawdown cho thay ban da mat bao nhieu tien ke tu khi bat dau giao dich, giup do luong kha nang bao toan von ban dau.
Maximum Drawdown – Muc sut giam toi da
Maximum drawdown la muc giam lon nhat tu dinh von den day trong suot qua trinh giao dich. Day la chi so phan anh rui ro lon nhat ma tai khoan tung phai chiu, thuong duoc dung de danh gia hieu qua cua chien luoc giao dich hoac hieu suat cua mot nha dau tu.
Relative Drawdown – Muc sut giam tuong doi
Relative drawdown the hien ty le phan tram giua muc sut giam toi da va von dinh cao nhat. Chi so nay giup ban biet duoc tai khoan cua minh da giam bao nhieu phan tram so voi dinh, tu do dieu chinh khoi luong lenh cho hop ly.
?oc them chi tiet:
https://mbroker.net/vi/kien-thuc/
http://forum.modulebazaar.com/forums/user/linaavexley/
Moi loai drawdown mang den mot goc nhin khac nhau, nhung tat ca deu co chung muc dich la giup trader danh gia rui ro tong the. Tiep theo, cung Mbroker tim hieu nguyen nhan dan den tinh trang nay de co bien phap kiem soat phu hop.
Nguyen nhan khien Drawdown xay ra
Drawdown la dieu khong the tranh khoi trong giao dich, dac biet khi thi truong bien dong manh. Tuy nhien, viec hieu ro nguyen nhan se giup trader chu dong han che ton that. Duoi day la nhung yeu to pho bien nhat:
- Chien luoc giao dich thieu nhat quan: Khi thay doi chien luoc qua thuong xuyen hoac khong co nguyen tac ro rang, kha nang drawdown tang cao.
- Quan ly von kem: Viec su dung don bay qua lon, dat lenh voi khoi luong khong phu hop khien tai khoan de sut giam manh.
- Tam ly giao dich yeu: Giao dich theo cam xuc, co gang “go lo” la nguyen nhan khien drawdown keo dai.
- Bien dong thi truong bat ngo: Tin tuc kinh te, chinh tri hoac bien dong gia manh co the khien tai khoan giam nhanh chong du ban co chien luoc tot.
Neu ban chua hieu ro thi truong hoat dong nhu the nao, nen tham khao them bai viet Phien giao dich Forex la gi? de nam ro thoi diem giao dich hieu qua va han che rui ro khong dang co.
Sau khi hieu nguyen nhan, dieu quan trong la lam the nao de kiem soat va giam muc drawdown trong thuc te.
Cach kiem soat Drawdown hieu qua
De kiem soat drawdown, nha dau tu can ket hop giua chien luoc, quan ly rui ro va ky luat tam ly. Duoi day la nhung phuong phap duoc Mbroker khuyen nghi:
- Thiet lap muc rui ro cho moi giao dich: Khong nen de muc thua lo vuot qua 1–2% tong tai khoan cho moi lenh. Dieu nay giup ban duy tri kha nang giao dich lau dai ma khong bi ap luc tam ly.
- Da dang hoa danh muc dau tu: Dung dat toan bo von vao mot cap tien te hoac chien luoc duy nhat. Su da dang giup ban giam thieu tac dong tieu cuc khi mot thi truong bien dong bat loi.
- Su dung Stop Loss hop ly: Stop Loss la cong cu giup han che rui ro khi thi truong di nguoc huong. Hay dat lenh Stop Loss dua tren phan tich ky thuat thay vi cam tinh.
- Theo doi va danh gia lai chien luoc: Hay thuong xuyen danh gia hieu qua cua chien luoc dua tren so lieu drawdown va loi nhuan thuc te. Neu muc drawdown vuot qua nguong cho phep, can dieu chinh ngay lap tuc.
De hieu ro hon ve cach lua chon va giao dich cac cap tien hieu qua, ban co the xem them bai viet Cap tien te trong Forex la gi?
Meo giam thieu rui ro va phuc hoi sau Drawdown
Mot trader chuyen nghiep khong chi biet cach tranh thua lo ma con biet cach phuc hoi khi drawdown xay ra. Duoi day la nhung kinh nghiem huu ich:
- Giu tam ly vung vang: Dung co gang “go lo” bang cach tang khoi luong giao dich. Hay tam dung va danh gia lai chien luoc.
- Ghi chep nhat ky giao dich: Viec ghi lai tung lenh giup ban phan tich nguyen nhan that bai va cai thien ky nang quan ly rui ro.
- Tap trung vao loi nhuan dai han: Dung qua chu trong vao nhung lenh thua ngan han, hay duy tri tu duy nhat quan de tang truong on dinh.
- Luon hoc hoi va cap nhat kien thuc: Thi truong Forex luon thay doi. Viec lien tuc trau doi giup ban giam drawdown va tang hieu suat loi nhuan.
Neu ban muon hieu sau hon ve cach hoat dong tong the cua thi truong ngoai hoi, Mbroker khuyen nghi doc bai viet Giao dich Forex la gi, noi giai thich chi tiet cau truc, co che van hanh va cach thuc cac trader chuyen nghiep toi uu loi nhuan.
Drawdown la thuoc do quan trong giup trader nhan biet rui ro va danh gia hieu qua chien luoc giao dich. Viec hieu ro khai niem nay, cung ap dung cac phuong phap kiem soat duoc Mbroker chia se, se giup ban bao toan von va giao dich hieu qua hon.
Trong thi truong Forex day bien dong, nguoi chien thang khong phai la nguoi khong bao gio thua lo, ma la nguoi biet cach kiem soat muc lo va phuc hoi nhanh chong sau drawdown. Hay bat dau tu viec xay dung tu duy dung dan, quan ly rui ro chat che va khong ngung hoc hoi de tien xa hon tren con duong dau tu tai chinh.
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